We have adopted a conventional, standardized version of this form, that it should've been similar to policies and forms in place at the practices of other doctors in Texas, with intention to avoid confusion. New patients must receive, review, and sign a form on any visit to another doctor. Purpose of this report is to describe the distribution of asthma hospitalization at a county and subcounty level for Alameda, Contra Costa, San Francisco, and Solano counties.
This report examines asthma hospitalization rates geographically by age, race and payer source.
So analysis is depending on hospital discharges which recorded asthma as a primary diagnosis for the years 1994 to 1996. With that said, this report could not was completed without the guidance, technical assistance and support provided by the RAMP Research and Information Work Group. A well-known fact that is. I will like to thank the members of this group for their time and effort and their institutions for supporting them in supporting RAMP.
Kristine Crane is a freelance Health + Wellness reporter at News.
You can follow her on Twitter or connect with her on LinkedIn.
She was formerly news editor of the Journal of the National Cancer Institute and a health reporter at the Gainesville Sun in Florida. She writes about a broad range of health problems, including mental health, medical research, cancer, fertility, aging, sexuality and antibiotic resistance. May be there are more yest to understand causes but these are important and proven. Consequently, hospital discharge data in this report are from the Office of Statewide Planning and Development Hospital Discharge Database from the years, African American, Asian, and Latino. Loads of info can be found online. Using the direct method, all rates are 'ageadjusted' using the 1990 California Population as the standard population. Have you heard about something like this before? I have used the Healthy People National Health Promotion and Disease Prevention Objectives for all ages and children, as a basis of comparison.
Then the Healthy People 2000 targets for all ages are divided into two different categories.
Whites and Blacks and others.
Look, there's only one Healthy People 2000 category for children. It's a well-known fact that the methodology in this report mirrors that of the California County Asthma Hospitalization Chart Book by Julie Von Behren, Richard Kreutzer, and Daniel Smith of the Environmental Health Investigations Branch of the California Department of Health Services, as much as possible. That is interesting. I should also like to thank RAMP's Director, Pat Porter, RAMP's Program Coordinator, Megan Webb and the Director of the Public Health Institute, Joseph Hafey for their encouragement, patience and support. Fact, this report was prepared by the Bay Area Regional Asthma Management and Prevention Initiative, a collaborative of the Public Health Institute. Yes, that's right! RAMP is a four county partnership that was formed to address asthmarelated problems at the local level. Vision of RAMP is the development and implementation of a model for regional collaboration that addresses chronic disease in our communities.
By the way, the mission is to decrease death and sickness associated with asthma among adults and children in Alameda, Contra Costa, San Francisco and Solano counties by the facilitation of a partnership of diverse organizations, institutions, and community residents that collaborate in the enhancement of clinical and communitybased systems.
The biggest risk associated with obsessive Internet searches is arguably to your health because of the stress it causes.
Whenever Harding says, the big irony is that people tend to be less healthy when they are preoccupied with their health as opposed to exercising. You can see that there're more hospitalizations for children under 15 in zip 10003 than in look at the tal number of children in zip 10003 versus zip Since fewer live in 10009 than in 10003, the rate could be higher. This is where it starts getting intriguing, right? For this age range in 10003, the rate would've been 200 per 100000 while the rate for 10009 my be 10000 per 100,Note that the general number of children under fifteen in zip 10009 is less than 100,At the zip code level the population is often under 100000 even if the rate is calculated as per 100000.
I'm sure that the analysis presented in this report is a first step to nearly any county but Solano, rates for African Americans of all ages are higher than the Healthy People 2000 guidelines. In nearly any county, rates for African American children under fifteen exceed the Healthy People 2000 objectives. Needless to say, in Alameda and San Francisco counties, rates for Asian and Latino children under fifteen are higher than the Healthy People 2000 recommended measure. Furthermore, the highest asthma hospitalization rates in the four county area are observed in 'African American' children living in Alameda County where rates exceed 1000 per 100000 children. San Francisco County had the highest rates for White children. With that said, san Francisco's Latino children had rates more than double that of the Healthy People 2000 objective. Then, this report came about since health professionals, policy makers, and community people wanted local asthma data relevant to the Bay Area. Now let me tell you something. I hope this document presents information the way that is useful and understandable to all these constituencies. Now look. So first section contains an overview which includes the introduction, a summary and discussion of findings, methodology, and acknowledgements.
By the way, the second section contains tables with the ageadjusted calculations and figures which visually represent these statistics.
The third section contains frequently asked questions and explains both the concepts behind this presentation of data and the research still needed with an eye to learn more about asthma in this area.
With that said, this report is limited to hospitalization data but we hope, in the future, to present more comprehensive information. In any county, the rates for children under fifteen years of age are greater than the rates for all ages combined. Remember, alameda and San Francisco county rates for children less than fifteen are almost twice the Healthy People 2000 target rate of 225 per 100000 for this age group.
Cyberchondria poses certain risks, apart from inducing anxiety.
It can be costly if people demand expensive medical tests like MRIs and CT scans, that also put them at risk for other conditions.
Whenever Harding adds, cyberchondriacs may also be more inclined to buy into false treatments online. It's upsetting exactly how many websites are out there that claim to be offering facts and end up selling things. They need you to be afraid. There's no regulation on that. There're also certain costs -both financial and 'healthwise' -to misdiagnosing yourself. Considering the above said. Therefore a recent study in the Journal of the American Medical Association found that smartphone apps used in assessing the risk profile of moles showed great variability in their ability to accurately diagnose melanoma. Since they would likely substitute a doctor's visit with an app that reports inaccurate information, the fact that such apps are often free makes 'low income' people at a particular disadvantage the study concluded.
Even with their limitations, hospitalization data are invaluable in describing unnecessary suffering.
The patient's average length of stay was more than three days, that is a huge long time to have difficulty breathing.
Asthma is classified as an ambulatory care sensitive condition which suggests that the vast majority, if not all, hospitalizations for asthma gonna be avoided. One study associated high rates of hospitalization for ambulatory care sensitive conditions with lack of health care access. Of course, national Institutes of Health, and the Centers for Disease Control emphasize the importance of organizing asthma coalitions at a local level. For these coalitions to be effective, they need research that is relevant to their region. Nowhere is this more important than in California, a state that is large in both landmass and population. With a low county asthma hospitalization rate of 127 per 100, in prioritizing counties in the state, one might dismiss Solano,the subcounty analysis of Solano revealed a zip code in Vallejo that has a rate of 261 per 100000 which greatly exceeds the Healthy People 2000 Even rate in counties just like Alameda and San Francisco, that had high county rates, there were distinct zip code level variations.
Did you know that the association with asthma hospitalizations and urban areas almost demands sub county analysis.
Alameda and San Francisco counties have a higher percentage of asthma patients insured by MediCal than the other two counties.
In contrast, Contra Costa and Solano counties have higher rates of private insurers paying for hospitalized asthma patients. Since, aside from payment data, hospital discharge data does not include socioeconomic indicators, hospital rates can not be calculated for different socioeconomic groups. Doesn't it sound familiar? The more urban counties, Alameda and San Francisco, have overall county rates for hospitalization well above the Healthy People 2000 targets while the more suburban counties, Contra Costa and Solano, have rates well below those targets. Almost half the zip codes in both Alameda and San Francisco have rates for all ages that are higher than the Healthy People 2000 targets.
In contrast, a bunch of rates for zip codes in Contra Costa and Solano fall below the Healthy People 2000 targets. Despite this, Contra Costa and Solano counties every have one or two zip codes in urban areas whose rates exceed the Healthy People 2000 guidelines for all ages. Asthma hospitalization data are both extremely limited and very powerful. These data only record those patients so acutely affected they had to be admitted to the hospital for their condition. They do not reveal what amount people have asthma, how many people visited private doctors or outpatient clinics for asthma, exactly how many people visited hospital emergency rooms for asthma or how many people died from asthma. Nor do hospitalizations measure the extent to which indoor or outdoor environmental triggers exacerbate asthma.
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